在CentOS7中默认安装有MariaDB，这个是MySQL的分支，但为了需要，还是要在系统中安装MySQL，而且安装完成之后可以直接覆盖掉MariaDB。
使用wget工具下载mysql安装包和yum源文件
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[root@node02 ~]# wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm -bash: wget: command not found You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@node02 ~]# yum install -y wget Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.jdcloud.com * extras: mirror.jdcloud.com * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =================================================================================================== Installing: wget x86_64 1.14-18.el7_6.1 base 547 k Transaction Summary =================================================================================================== Install 1 Package Total download size: 547 k Installed size: 2.0 M Downloading packages: wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm | 547 kB 00:00:08 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1 Installed: wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 Complete! [root@node02 ~]#
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[root@node02 ~]# wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm --2019-10-11 14:31:09-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11 Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently Location: https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm [following] --2019-10-11 14:31:11-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm [following] --2019-10-11 14:31:14-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 104.93.1.42 Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|104.93.1.42|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 25548 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm’ 100% [=========================================================>] 25,548 --.-K/s in 0.001s 2019-10-11 14:31:15 (31.3 MB/s) - ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm’ saved [25548/25548] -c: No such file or directory No URLs found in -c. FINISHED --2019-10-11 14:31:15-- Total wall clock time: 5.9s Downloaded: 1 files, 25K in 0.001s (31.3 MB/s) You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@node02 ~]#
使用上面的命令就直接下载了安装用的Yum Repository，大概25KB的样子，然后就可以直接yum安装了。
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[root@node02 ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Examining mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch Marking mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =================================================================================================== Installing: mysql57-community-release noarch el7-10 /mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch 30 k Transaction Summary =================================================================================================== Install 1 Package Total size: 30 k Installed size: 30 k Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch 1/1 Verifying : mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch 1/1 Installed: mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-10 Complete! You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@node02 ~]#
下面就是使用yum安装MySQL了,这步可能会花些时间，安装完成后就会覆盖掉之前的mariadb。
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[root@node02 ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.jdcloud.com * extras: mirror.jdcloud.com * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql57-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 184 kB 00:00:01 (2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 61 kB 00:00:02 (3/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 44 kB 00:00:03 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.27-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 will be obsoleted --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =================================================================================================== Installing: mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.2 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 165 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 275 k Transaction Summary =================================================================================================== Install 3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages) Total download size: 194 M Downloading packages: warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/5): mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 275 kB 00:00:01 (2/5): mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:00:04 (3/5): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:06 mysql-community-client-5.7.27- FAILED 18 MB 170:42:08 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') Trying other mirror. mysql-community-server-5.7.27- FAILED 16 MB --:--:-- ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') Trying other mirror. (4/5): mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:11:58 mysql-community-server-5.7.27- FAILED 4 MB 2600:47:50 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') Trying other mirror. (5/5): mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 165 MB 00:07:44 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 148 kB/s | 194 MB 00:22:20 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5: Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <[email protected] >" Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 6/6 Installed: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 Replaced: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 # 提示安装完成,表示安装成功 Complete! You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root # 已经查询不到mariadb数据库了 [root@node02 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@node02 ~]#
首先启动MySQL
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# 启动mysql服务 [root@node02 ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service # 查看mysql运行状态 [root@node02 ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) # 表示已经启动(linux) Active: active (running) since Fri 2019-10-11 15:14:57 CST; 6s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 22525 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 22449 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 22528 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─22528 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid Oct 11 15:14:54 node02.kaikeba.com systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... Oct 11 15:14:57 node02.kaikeba.com systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server. [root@node02 ~]#
此时MySQL已经开始正常运行，不过要想进入MySQL还得先找出此时root用户的密码，通过如下命令可以在日志文件中找出密码：
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# 查找到root用户登录mysql数据库的密码:7UOv>SVzygyB [root@node02 ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 2019-10-11T07:14:54.482816Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 7UOv>SVzygyB You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@node02 ~]#
命令进入数据库：
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[root@node02 ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.27 Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; # 提示修改初始密码 ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. mysql> show databases; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. # 注意密码设置不能过于简单，mysql有密码设置规范（特殊字符、字母大小写，数字三者的组合） mysql> ALTER USER 'root' @'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '!Qaz123456' ; # 添加scm用户对scm库的访问权限 mysql> grant all on scm.* to scm@'%' identified by '!Qaz123456' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> select user,host from user; +---------------+-----------+ | user | host | +---------------+-----------+ | scm | % | | mysql.session | localhost | | mysql.sys | localhost | | root | localhost | +---------------+-----------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec) # 刷新访问权限的设置,这一步非常重要，如果没有操作，scm远程访问mysql数据库就失败. mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) # 添加root用户远程访问数据库 mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '!Qaz123456' ; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> select user,host from user; +---------------+-----------+ | user | host | +---------------+-----------+ | root | % | | scm | % | | mysql.session | localhost | | mysql.sys | localhost | | root | localhost | +---------------+-----------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from user where user='root' and host='localhost' ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> select user,host from user; +---------------+-----------+ | user | host | +---------------+-----------+ | root | % | | scm | % | | mysql.session | localhost | | mysql.sys | localhost | +---------------+-----------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; # 创建scm数据库 mysql> create database scm; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | scm | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> update mysql.user set Grant_priv='Y' ,Super_priv='Y' where user = 'root' and host = '%' ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> quit Bye You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root # 从起mysql服务 [root@node02 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service [root@node02 ~]#
