{"id":92118,"date":"2020-05-12T23:35:02","date_gmt":"2020-05-12T15:35:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/4563.org\/?p=92118"},"modified":"2020-05-20T01:03:16","modified_gmt":"2020-05-19T17:03:16","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e6%9d%af%e8%8c%b6%e7%9a%84%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%8a%e6%89%8b-express-%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/4563.org\/?p=92118","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h1>                  \u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1               <\/h1>\n<p> <\/p>\n<div>\n<div> <span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u5927\u4f6c : huan1043269994 <\/span>  <span><i><\/i> 16<\/span> <\/div>\n<div> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div isfirst=\"1\"> <\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7814\u53d1\u5f00\u6e90\u4e86\u4e00\u6b3e\u57fa\u4e8e Git \u8fdb\u884c\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u6218\u6559\u7a0b\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u56fe\u96c0\u793e\u533a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6559\u7a0b\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u8fd9\u6b3e\u5de5\u5177\u5199\u4f5c\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce Star \u54e6<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5feb\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u9605\u8bfb\u6211\u4eec\u7684 \u6559\u7a0b\u6587\u6863\u54e6<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Node.js \u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a Web \u540e\u53f0\u5f00\u53d1\u5708\u4e00\u80a1\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684 npm \u5e93\u4ee5\u53ca JavaScript \u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\u5176\u540e\u53f0\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c Express \u6846\u67b6\u5219\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u4e86\u89e3 Express \u5728 Node \u5185\u7f6e http \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u5e76\u638c\u63e1\u8def\u7531\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u3001\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c JSON API\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b80\u5386\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u6b64\u6559\u7a0b\u5c5e\u4e8e Node.js \u540e\u7aef\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u6765 Star \u4e00\u6ce2\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u521b\u4f5c\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d~\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u65e7\u65f6\u4ee3\uff1a\u7528\u5185\u7f6e http \u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u81ea\u4ece Ryan Dahl \u5728 2009 \u5e74\u7684 JSConf \u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa Node.js \u5e73\u53f0\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u95e8\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u5750\u4e86\u706b\u7bad\u4e00\u822c\u8fc5\u901f\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6700\u53d7\u559c\u7231\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u5e73\u53f0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c Express \u5219\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u8000\u773c\u7684 Web \u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5217\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u9884\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u6240\u7528\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u9884\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h3>\n<p>\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u5047\u5b9a\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>JavaScript \u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684 ES6+ \u8bed\u6cd5\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Node.js \u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u662f\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u548c Node \u6a21\u5757\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709 npm \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60<\/li>\n<li>HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4e92\u52a8\u7684<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u6240\u7528\u6280\u672f<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Node.js<\/strong>\uff1a8.x \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a<\/li>\n<li><strong>npm<\/strong>\uff1a6.x \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a<\/li>\n<li><strong>Express.js<\/strong>\uff1a4.x<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5b66\u4e60\u76ee\u6807<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bfb\u5b8c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u5b66\u4f1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Express \u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u7528 Nodemon \u52a0\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u8fed\u4ee3<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u63a5\u5165 Express \u6846\u67b6\u4e2d<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 Express \u7684\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 JSON API \u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u62c6\u5206\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6a21\u5757\u5316<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u4f46 Express \u5e76\u4e0d\u5185\u7f6e\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u4e86 Express \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u5b8c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4f\u89c8 Express \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fdb\u9636\u6559\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>\u7528\u5185\u7f6e http \u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u8bb2\u89e3 Express \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u600e\u4e48\u7528 Node.js \u5185\u7f6e\u7684 http \u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3 Express \u5bf9\u5e95\u5c42\u7684 Node \u4ee3\u7801\u505a\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u62bd\u8c61\u548c\u5c01\u88c5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5 Node.js \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b80\u5386\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 express_resume\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>mkdir express_resume &amp;&amp; cd express_resume <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa server.js \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>const http = require('http');  const hostname = 'localhost'; const port = 3000;  const server = http.createServer((req, res) =&gt; {   res.statusCode = 200;   res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text\/html');   res.end('Hello Worldn'); });  server.listen(port, () =&gt; {   console.log(`Server running at http:\/\/${hostname}:${port}\/`); }); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u719f\u6089 Node.js \uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u542b\u4e49\u5f88\u6e05\u6670\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5bfc\u5165 http \u6a21\u5757<\/li>\n<li>\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d <code>hostname<\/code> \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7 <code>port<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7528 <code>http.createServer<\/code> \u521b\u5efa HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61 <code>req<\/code> \u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61 <code>res<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7801 200\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a HTML \u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a <code>Hello World<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u8fd0\u884c server.js\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>node server.js <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6253\u5f00 localhost:3000\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 Hello World \u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/x7evQviubg.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684 http \u6a21\u5757\u53bb\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9700\u8981\u5199\u5f88\u591a\u5e95\u5c42\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u624b\u52a8\u6307\u5b9a HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801\u548c\u5934\u90e8\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd4\u56de\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u591a\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u548c\u5934\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u9274\u6743\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u8def\u7531\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u8def\u7531\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u624d\u80fd\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8bf7\u6c42 URL \u53ca HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u53ea\u80fd\u5728 <code>http.createServer<\/code> \u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u5224\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42 <code>req<\/code> \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u8def\u7531\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u642d\u5efa\u5927\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\u529b\u4e0d\u4ece\u5fc3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7531\u6b64\u5c31\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86 Express \u5bf9\u5185\u7f6e http \u7684\u4e24\u5927\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08 Request \uff09\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\uff08 Response \uff09\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5b9e\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<li>\u7075\u6d3b\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u62c6\u5206<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5f00\u59cb\u7528 Express \u6765\u5f00\u53d1 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff01<\/p>\n<h2>\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\uff1a\u7528 Express \u642d\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u653e\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a JS \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Node \u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4ece\u73b0\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a npm \u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa npm \u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>npm init <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u63a5\u7740\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u8def\u56de\u8f66\u4e0b\u53bb\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ed4\u7ec6\u586b\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0 package.json \u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 Express \u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>npm install express <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7528 Express \u6539\u5199\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684<strong>\u4e24\u5927\u5c01\u88c5\u4e0e\u6539\u8fdb<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 Request \u548c Response \u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u662f Request \u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u7528 <code>req<\/code> \u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e9b <code>req<\/code> \u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\u54e6\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>req.body<\/code>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8868\u5355\u6216 JSON \u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li><code>req.params<\/code>\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42 URI \u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>req.query<\/code>\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42 URI \u4e2d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>req.cookies<\/code>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684 cookies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u662f Response \u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528 <code>res<\/code> \u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u54cd\u5e94\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e32 HTML \u4ee3\u7801 res.send('HTML String');  \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6 res.sendFile('file.zip');  \/\/ \u6e32\u67d3\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u5e76\u53d1\u9001 res.render('index'); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Response \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u975e\u5e38\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u94fe\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a 404\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de Page Not Found \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 res.status(404).send('Page Not Found'); <\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5217\u4e3e Request \u548c Response \u7684\u5168\u90e8 API \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fe\u96c0\u793e\u533a\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u5b9e\u6218\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6df1\u5316\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u67af\u71e5\u7684 API \u8bb0\u5fc6\uff01<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>\u8def\u7531\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff08\u5305\u62ec Web \u524d\u7aef\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<strong>\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff08 URI \uff09\u4ee5\u53ca <strong>HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff08\u5305\u62ec GET \u3001POST \u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u4e00\u822c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a API \u7aef\u70b9\uff08 Endpoint \uff09\u3002\u800c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7aef\u70b9\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u5e94\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u673a\u5236\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Express \u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\u53ea\u9700\u6309\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>app.METHOD(PATH, HANDLER) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>app<\/code> \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a <code>express<\/code> \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<li><code>METHOD<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55<strong>\u5c0f\u5199<\/strong>\u7684 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec <code>get<\/code>\u3001<code>post<\/code>\u3001<code>put<\/code>\u3001<code>delete<\/code> \u7b49\u7b49<\/li>\n<li><code>PATH<\/code> \u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684 URI\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>\/<\/code> \u6216 <code>\/about<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>HANDLER<\/code> \u662f\u8def\u7531\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>nodemon \u52a0\u901f\u5f00\u53d1<\/h3>\n<p>Nodemon \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u9887\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 nodemon\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>npm install nodemon --save-dev <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 nodemon \u5b89\u88c5\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u4f9d\u8d56 <code>devDependencies<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u624d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5728 package.json \u4e2d\u52a0\u5165 <code>start<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>{   \"name\": \"express_resume\",   \"version\": \"1.0.0\",   \"description\": \"\",   \"main\": \"index.js\",   \"scripts\": {     \"start\": \"nodemon server.js\",     \"test\": \"echo \"Error: no test specified\" &amp;&amp; exit 1\"   },   \"author\": \"\",   \"license\": \"ISC\",   \"dependencies\": {     \"express\": \"^4.17.1\"   },   \"devDependencies\": {     \"nodemon\": \"^2.0.2\"   } } <\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u52a8\u624b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528 Express \u6539\u5199\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>const express = require('express');  const hostname = 'localhost'; const port = 3000;  const app = express(); app.get('\/', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.send('Hello World'); });  app.listen(port, () =&gt; {   console.log(`Server running at http:\/\/${hostname}:${port}\/`); }); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u7528 <code>express()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Express \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5 <code>app.get<\/code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e3b\u9875 <code>\/<\/code> \u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u540c\u6837\u8c03\u7528 <code>listen<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c <code>npm start<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 Hello World \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u5374\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u4e86\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd0\u884c <code>npm start<\/code> \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u76f4\u6253\u5f00\u7740\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u540e\uff0cNodemon \u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u7f16\u5199\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u8bb2\u89e3 Express \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff08 Middleware \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u7406\u89e3\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f Express \u72ec\u6709\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u5df2\u7ecf\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u4e1a\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u6307<strong>\u5c06\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u89e3\u8026\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff08\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba8\u8bba\uff09\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u9002\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3001\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u6027\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Express \u7684\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/M1BvMVPFWa.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f9d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5230\u8fbe\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4f60\u5bf9\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6709\u4e2a\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u662f<strong>\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c<\/strong>\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u65f6\u987a\u5e8f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f04\u9519<\/li>\n<li>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5728\u6267\u884c\u5185\u90e8\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Express \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728 Express \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>function someMiddleware(req, res, next) {   \/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u903b\u8f91   next(); } <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c<code>req<\/code> \u548c <code>res<\/code> \u5c31\u662f\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684 Request \u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c Response \u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1b\u800c <code>next<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5219\u7528\u6765\u89e6\u53d1\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528 <code>next<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53c8\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5361\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\u54e6\uff01<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5728 Express \u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<strong>\u5168\u5c40\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u5168\u5c40\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 <code>app.use<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6b64\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5728\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8d77<strong>\u4efb\u4f55\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>app.use(someMiddleware); <\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u6b64\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 URI \u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>app.get('\/middleware', someMiddleware, (req, res) =&gt; {   res.send('Hello World'); }); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee <code>\/middleware<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 <code>someMiddleware<\/code> \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u7f16\u5199\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Express \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u3002\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6253\u5370\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u95f4\u3001HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c URI\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a <code>loggingMiddleware<\/code>\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ ...  const app = express();  function loggingMiddleware(req, res, next) {   const time = new Date();   console.log(`[${time.toLocaleString()}] ${req.method} ${req.url}`);   next(); }  app.use(loggingMiddleware);  app.get('\/', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.send('Hello World'); });  \/\/ ... <\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199 <code>console.log<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a <code>console.log<\/code>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\u90fd\u4f1a\u963b\u585e Node.js \u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u541e\u5410\u7387\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 morgan\u3001winston \u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5404\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u9996\u9875\uff08localhost:3000\uff09\u548c <code>\/hello<\/code>\uff08localhost:3000\/hello\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f 404 \uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>[11\/28\/2019, 3:54:05 PM] GET \/ [11\/28\/2019, 3:54:11 PM] GET \/hello <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4f60\u521d\u6b65\u7406\u89e3\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6 <code>req<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c\u8def\u7531\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\uff09\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u9274\u6743\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7528\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762<\/h2>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u8981\u5f00\u59cb\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9645\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002Express \u5bf9\u5f53\u4eca\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Pug \u3001Handlebars \u3001EJS \u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u4e24\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u63a5\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5347\u7ea7\u7248\u7684 HTML \u6587\u6863\u201d\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 Handlebars \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u9996\u5148\u6dfb\u52a0 npm \u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>npm install hbs <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa views \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u653e\u7f6e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u9996\u9875\u6a21\u677f index.hbs \uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;h1&gt;\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b80\u5386&lt;\/h1&gt; &lt;p&gt;\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u56fe\u96c0\uff0c\u6e34\u671b\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u78e8\u70bc\u5b9e\u6218\u672c\u9886\u3002&lt;\/p&gt; &lt;a href=\"\/contact\"&gt;\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f&lt;\/a&gt; <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u8054\u7cfb\u9875\u9762\u6a21\u677f contact.hbs \uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;h1&gt;\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f&lt;\/h1&gt; &lt;p&gt;QQ\uff1a1234567&lt;\/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;\u5fae\u4fe1\uff1a\u4e00\u53ea\u56fe\u96c0&lt;\/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;\u90ae\u7bb1\uff1a [email&#160;protected]&lt;\/p&gt; <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4fbf\u662f\u5728 server.js \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u677f\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ \u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u677f\u5b58\u653e\u76ee\u5f55 app.set('views', '\/path\/to\/templates');  \/\/ \u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u4e3a Handlebars app.set('view engine', 'hbs'); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u677f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u8def\u7531\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528 <code>res.render<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ \u6e32\u67d3\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a hello.hbs \u7684\u6a21\u677f res.render('hello'); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684 server.js \u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ ...  const app = express();  app.set('views', 'views'); app.set('view engine', 'hbs');  \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528 loggingMiddleware \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6 ...  app.get('\/', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.render('index'); });  app.get('\/contact', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.render('contact'); })  \/\/ ... <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86 <code>GET \/contact<\/code> \u7684\u8def\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/eYiR6WvTsq.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u70b9\u51fb\u201d\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u201c\uff0c\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u9875\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/IktBcZOvkK.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u6dfb\u52a0\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u7f51\u7ad9\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe\u7247\u3001CSS \u6587\u4ef6\u3001JS \u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u800c Express \u5df2\u7ecf\u81ea\u5e26\u4e86\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6 <code>express.static<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a <code>public<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ ...  app.use(express.static('public'));  app.get('\/', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.render('index'); });  \/\/ ... <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u7684 public \u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>public \u251c\u2500\u2500 css \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 style.css \u2514\u2500\u2500 img     \u2514\u2500\u2500 tuture-logo.png <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8def\u5f84\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>http:\/\/localhost:3000\/css\/style.css http:\/\/localhost:3000\/img\/tuture-logo.png <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6837\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6 public\/css\/style.css \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u5373\u53ef\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>body {   text-align: center; }  h1 {   color: blue; }  img {   border: 1px dashed grey; }  a {   color: blueviolet; } <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a GitHub \u4e0a\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230 public\/img \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u66ff\u6362\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9996\u9875\u6a21\u677f views\/index.hbs \u4e2d\u52a0\u5165 CSS \u6837\u5f0f\u8868\u548c\u56fe\u7247\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"\/css\/style.css\" \/&gt;  &lt;h1&gt;\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b80\u5386&lt;\/h1&gt; &lt;img src=\"\/img\/tuture-logo.png\" alt=\"Logo\" \/&gt; &lt;p&gt;\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u56fe\u96c0\uff0c\u6e34\u671b\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u78e8\u70bc\u5b9e\u6218\u672c\u9886\u3002&lt;\/p&gt; &lt;a href=\"\/contact\"&gt;\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f&lt;\/a&gt; <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u6a21\u677f views\/contact.hbs \u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"\/css\/style.css\" \/&gt;  &lt;h1&gt;\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f&lt;\/h1&gt; &lt;p&gt;QQ\uff1a1234567&lt;\/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;\u5fae\u4fe1\uff1a\u4e00\u53ea\u56fe\u96c0&lt;\/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;\u90ae\u7bb1\uff1a [email&#160;protected]&lt;\/p&gt; <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u518d\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbf\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u9996\u9875\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/fBiqSzy0RK.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u9875\u9762\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/SwXEiVQpin.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\u548c\u56fe\u7247\u90fd\u6210\u529f\u52a0\u8f7d\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n<h2>\u5904\u7406 404 \u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef<\/h2>\n<p>\u4eba\u6709\u60b2\u6b22\u79bb\u5408\uff0c\u6708\u6709\u9634\u6674\u5706\u7f3a\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u6709\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002HTTP \u9519\u8bef\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7801 4xx \uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u9875\u9762\uff08 404 \uff09\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f\uff08 403 \uff09\u7b49\u7b49<\/li>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7801 5xx \uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\uff08 500 \uff09\u6216\u7f51\u5173\u9519\u8bef\uff08 503 \uff09\u7b49\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6253\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>localhost:3000\/what<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9875\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MVK1cCGHPP.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5f88\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u662f\u5f88\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Express \u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u5904\u7406 404 \uff08\u9875\u9762\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u53ca 500 \uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5b8c\u5584\u4e00\u4e0b Express \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/FmCBbuf3VS.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f20\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u56fe\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\u91cd\u5927\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff08\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5bb9\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u5f53 URI \u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u8def\u7531\uff09\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528 <code>next<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5411\u4e0b\u4f20\u9012\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5<strong>\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u51fa\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0 404 \u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e 404\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u63a5\u6536\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u5747\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u6240\u6709\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Express \u81ea\u5e26\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5904\u7406 404<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728 Express \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>app.use('*', (req, res) =&gt; {   \/\/ ... }); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>*<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5c06\u6b64\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u653e\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u6355\u83b7\u6240\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u8def\u5f84\u5747\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5904\u7406\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<p>Express \u5df2\u7ecf\u81ea\u5e26\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5728 server.js \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6761\u201d\u574f\u6389\u201c\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff08\u6a21\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>app.get('\/broken', (req, res) =&gt; {   throw new Error('Broken!'); }); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee <code>localhost:3000\/broken<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/UhxSUws85V.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u5371\u9669\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6808\uff01\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5411\u7528\u6237\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f53\u9a8c\u7cdf\u7cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cExpress \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e <code>NODE_ENV<\/code> \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u6362\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883 <code>production<\/code>\uff0c\u518d\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728 Linux \u3001macOS \u6216 Windows \u4e0b\u7684 Git Bash \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>NODE_ENV=production node server.js <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728 Windows \u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>set NODE_ENV=production node server.js <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u8bbf\u95ee <code>localhost:3000\/broken<\/code> \u5c31\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de Internal Server Error \uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/gcWDAVuEVu.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4f53\u9a8c\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u66f4\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u9875\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 Express \u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>function (err, req, res, next) {   \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u903b\u8f91 } <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u548c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u51fd\u6570\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u591a\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>err<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91<\/h3>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 404 \u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u4e5f\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u3002\u5728 server.js \u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u7684\u540e\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u7531 ...  app.use('*', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.status(404).render('404', { url: req.originalUrl }); });  app.use((err, req, res, next) =&gt; {   console.error(err.stack);   res.status(500).render('500'); });  app.listen(port, () =&gt; {   console.log(`Server running at http:\/\/${hostname}:${port}\/`); }); <\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u63d0\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u5904\u7406 404 \u7684\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u63d2\u503c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728 <code>res.render<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u7ed9\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>{ url: req.originalUrl }<\/code> \u4f20\u5165\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>{{ url }}<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>404 \u548c 500 \u7684\u6a21\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"\/css\/style.css\" \/&gt;  &lt;h1&gt;\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4f60\u8981\u7684\u9875\u9762\u4e86\uff01&lt;\/h1&gt; &lt;p&gt;\u4f60\u6240\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8def\u5f84 {{ url }} \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&lt;\/p&gt; <\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code>&lt;link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"\/css\/style.css\" \/&gt;  &lt;h1&gt;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u597d\u50cf\u5f00\u5c0f\u5dee\u4e86&lt;\/h1&gt; &lt;p&gt;\u8fc7\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u518d\u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\u5427\uff01 See your later~&lt;\/p&gt; <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u518d\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Gw4Hny3Vs0.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8bbf\u95ee <code>localhost:3000\/broken<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Kb292rjxiM.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f88\u4e0d\u9519\uff01<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0 JSON API<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u7684 JSON API \u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u540e\u7aef API \u5f00\u53d1\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f Java \uff09\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u7528 Express \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a JSON API \u7aef\u53e3\u7b80\u5355\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684 Response \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0cExpress \u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <code>json<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a JavaScript \u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a JSON \u6570\u636e\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>res.json({ name: '\u767e\u4e07\u5e74\u85aa', price: 996 }); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de JSON \u6570\u636e <code>{ \"name\": \"\u767e\u4e07\u5e74\u85aa\", \"price\": 996 }<\/code>\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 200 \u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>res.status(502).json({ error: '\u516c\u53f8\u5173\u95e8\u4e86' }); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de JSON \u6570\u636e <code>{ \"error\": \"\u516c\u53f8\u5173\u95e8\u4e86\"}<\/code>\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a 502 \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u52a8\u624b\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728 server.js \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 JSON API \u7aef\u53e3 <code>\/api<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5173\u4e8e\u56fe\u96c0\u793e\u533a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ ...  app.get('\/api', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.json({ name: '\u56fe\u96c0\u793e\u533a', website: 'https:\/\/tuture.co' }); });  app.get('\/broken', (req, res) =&gt; {   throw new Error('Broken!'); });  \/\/ ... <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee localhost:3000\/api \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/kPg6CXv2iC.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 Postman \u6216 Curl \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u54e6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u62c6\u5206\u903b\u8f91<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u89c4\u6a21\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u6240\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u653e\u5728 server.js \u4e2d\u53ef\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u4e3b\u610f\u3002\u201c\u62c6\u5206\u903b\u8f91\u201d\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u201c\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u201d\uff09\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u5728 Express \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u8def\u7531 <code>Router<\/code> \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>const express = require('express'); const router = express.Router(); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>express.Router<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ff7\u4f60\u7248\u7684 <code>app<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5907\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301\u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ \u6ce8\u518c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6 router.use(someMiddleware);  \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u7531 router.get('\/hello', helloHandler); router.post('\/world', worldHandler); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e Express \u4e2d\u201c\u4e07\u7269\u7686\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u201d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a <code>Router<\/code> \u4e5f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u52a0\u5165\u5230 <code>app<\/code> \u4e2d:<\/p>\n<pre><code>app.use('\/say', router); <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837 <code>router<\/code> \u4e0b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8def\u7531\u90fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u5230 <code>\/say<\/code> \u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>app.get('\/say\/hello', helloHandler); app.post('\/say\/world', worldHandler); <\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u52a8\u624b\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa routes \u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u3002\u521b\u5efa routes\/index.js \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>const express = require('express'); const router = express.Router();  router.get('\/', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.render('index'); });  router.get('\/contact', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.render('contact'); });  module.exports = router; <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa routes\/api.js \uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>const express = require('express'); const router = express.Router();  router.get('\/', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.json({ name: '\u56fe\u96c0\u793e\u533a', website: 'https:\/\/tuture.co' }); });  router.post('\/new', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.status(201).json({ msg: '\u65b0\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u5f00\u59cb' }); });  module.exports = router; <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u628a server.js \u4e2d\u8001\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u6389\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u521a\u521a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a <code>Router<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>const express = require('express'); const path = require('path');  const indexRouter = require('.\/routes\/index'); const apiRouter = require('.\/routes\/api');  const hostname = 'localhost'; const port = 3000;  const app = express();  \/\/ ... app.use(express.static('public'));  app.use('\/', indexRouter); app.use('\/api', apiRouter);  app.use('*', (req, res) =&gt; {   res.status(404).render('404', { url: req.originalUrl }); });  \/\/ ... <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u77ac\u95f4\u6e05\u723d\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5462\uff01\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd8\u5f00\u7740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8def\u7531\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u8fd0\u884c\u54e6\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u8d34\u4e00\u4e0b\u7528 Curl \u6d4b\u8bd5 <code>\/api<\/code> \u8def\u7531\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>$ curl localhost:3000\/api {\"name\":\"\u56fe\u96c0\u793e\u533a\",\"website\":\"https:\/\/tuture.co\"} $ curl -X POST localhost:3000\/api\/new {\"msg\":\"\u65b0\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u5f00\u59cb\"} <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u4e5f\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u786e\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u80fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230 Express \u7684\u4e24\u5927\u7cbe\u9ad3\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u5927\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u8fdb\u9636\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8f7b\u677e\u5f88\u591a\u54e6\uff01<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u66f4\u591a\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u6280\u672f\u6559\u7a0b\uff1f\u6765\u56fe\u96c0\u793e\u533a\u901b\u901b\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/lzZkqWobWX.pnglarge.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b Express \u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u53d1\" \/><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div> <b>\u5927\u4f6c\u6709\u8a71\u8aaa<\/b> (<span>6<\/span>)        <\/div>\n<div> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li data-pid=\"1237192\" data-uid=\"2\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div> <span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u5927\u4f6c : shengchen11 <\/span>  <\/div>\n<div> <i title=\"\u5f15\u7528\"><\/i>  <span>          <\/span> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>                                                             \u4e25\u91cd\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u662f\u4e70\u8336\u53f6\u7684 \/\u72d7\u5934                                                            <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"1237193\" data-uid=\"2\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div> <span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u5927\u4f6c : 9ki <\/span>  <\/div>\n<div> <i title=\"\u5f15\u7528\"><\/i>  <span>          <\/span> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>                                                             \u4e3b\u7684\u53d1\u5e16\u8bb0\u5f55\u6709\u70b9\u641e\u7b11\u54e6                                                            <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"1237194\" data-uid=\"2\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div> <span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u5927\u4f6c : putaozhenhaochi <\/span>  <\/div>\n<div> <i title=\"\u5f15\u7528\"><\/i>  <span>          <\/span> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>                                                             v \u7ad9\u771f\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u53d1\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u52a0\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u63a8\u5e7f                                                            <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"1237195\" data-uid=\"2\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div> <span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u5927\u4f6c : Latin <\/span>  <\/div>\n<div> <i title=\"\u5f15\u7528\"><\/i>  <span>          <\/span> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>                                                             \u56fe\u96c0\u8ddf\u8bed\u96c0\u5565\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f\uff1f                                                            <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"1237196\" data-uid=\"2\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div> <span>\u4e3b<\/span> <span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u5927\u4f6c : huan1043269994 <\/span>  <\/div>\n<div> <i title=\"\u5f15\u7528\"><\/i>  <span>          <\/span> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>                                                             @Latin \u56fe\u96c0\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u56fe\u7075+\u8bed\u96c0\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f \u5c0f\u82e5\u71d5\u201d\u96c0\u201c\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u4e00\u5c55\u5b8f\u201d\u56fe\u201c\uff0c\u4e00\u5343\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u773c\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5343\u4e2a\u54c8\u59c6\u96f7\u7279                                                            <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"1237197\" data-uid=\"2\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div> <span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u5927\u4f6c : l1nyanm1ng <\/span>  <\/div>\n<div> <i title=\"\u5f15\u7528\"><\/i>  <span>          <\/span> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>                                                             \u559d\u592a\u9971\u4e86\uff0c\u6628\u5929\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u4e0a\u624b django\uff0c\u559d\u4e86 2 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4eca\u5929 express \u6015\u662f\u6ca1 3 \u5c0f\u65f6\u559d\u4e0d\u5b8c\u4e86 \/\u72d7\u5934                                                            <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u676f\u8336\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b 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