{"id":188311,"date":"2020-11-05T21:25:46","date_gmt":"2020-11-05T13:25:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/4563.org\/?p=188311"},"modified":"2020-11-11T00:58:29","modified_gmt":"2020-11-10T16:58:29","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e6%96%87%e6%90%9e%e5%ae%9a-go-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e8%af%ad%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/4563.org\/?p=188311","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u6587\u641e\u5b9a Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8bed\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h1>                  \u4e00\u6587\u641e\u5b9a Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8bed\u6cd5               <\/h1>\n<p> <\/p>\n<div>\n<div> <span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u5927\u4f6c : haicoderibai <\/span>  <span><i><\/i> 3<\/span> <\/div>\n<div> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div isfirst=\"1\"> <\/p>\n<h1>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u5165\u95e8<\/h1>\n<p> <\/p>\n<h2>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5c06 <strong>Go \u8bed\u8a00<\/strong> \u79f0\u4e3a 21 \u4e16\u7eaa\u7684 <strong>C 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\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u65b0\u589e\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u6027\u4e0a\u663e\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca GC \u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h2>\n<h3>\u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n<h4>Go \u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5b66\u4e60<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u638c\u63e1 Go \u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u51e0\u5929\u540e\u5199\u51fa\u4f60\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u9605\u8bfb\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u5b9e\u6548 Go \u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u4e00\u4e0b\u5305\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u73a9\u4e00\u73a9 Gorilla \u6216\u8005 Go Kit \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u9519\u7684 Go \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Go \u7684\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60 Go\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21 \u53d1\u73b0 <strong>Java<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e30\u5bcc\u4f46\u4e0d\u81c3\u80bf\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5f53\u524d Java \u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60 Go \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8033\u76ee\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a Go \u7684\u7b80\u6613\u6027\uff0cGo \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b80\u5355\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Goroutines<\/strong> \u53ef\u80fd\u662f Go 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\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>channel<\/strong> \u662f goroutines \u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f:\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fbf\u5229\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 goroutines \u4e4b\u95f4\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4f9d\u8d56\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u4f4e\u7ea7\u522b\u540c\u6b65\u57fa\u672c\u4f53\u3002channels \u6709\u5b83\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u7528\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0cchannels \u5fc5\u987b\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u5927\u5c0f\u7684 channels (\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6ca1\u6709\u7f13\u51b2) \u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b7b\u9501\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c06\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u9053\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\u7ade\u4e89\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93<\/h4>\n<p>Go \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u975e\u5e38\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6216 API \u5f00\u53d1\u76f8\u5173\u7684: http \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u6863\u6848\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a html \u89e3\u6790\u5668\u548c\u76f8\u5f53\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u53bb\u751f\u6210 text &amp; html\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8fc7\u6ee4 XSS \u653b\u51fb\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5728 Hugo \u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5404\u79cd APIs \u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355:\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a goroutine \u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3 \u201c\u770b\u4f3c\u540c\u6b65\u201d \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u901a\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u8bb8\u591a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf \u6211\u6700\u8fd1\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>Go \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u8d8a<\/h4>\n<p>Go \u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8bb8\u591a Go \u7684\u7528\u6237\u6765\u81ea <strong>Python<\/strong>\u3001Ruby \u6216 Node.js \u3002\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5f53\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e76\u53d1(Node.js)\u6216\u5168\u5c40\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7b80\u6613\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86 Go \u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u4e0e Java \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u6e05\u6670\u3002Go \u6253\u8d25 Java \u5730\u65b9\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u3002Go \u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u505c\u673a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684 CPU \u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6c34\u5e73\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u673a\u5668\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0cGo \u662f\u7531\u8c37\u6b4c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0a\u9762\u77ed\u7f3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e Java \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cGo \u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\uff08 GC \uff09\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u66f4\u5c11:\u5207\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf Java \u90a3\u6837\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0cGo maps \u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a buckets\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 CPU \u7f13\u5b58\u672c\u5730\u5316\u4e5f\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6<\/h4>\n<p>Go \u5728\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u5e76\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7edc\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h3>\n<h4>Go \u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u5c11\u65e2\u662f\u591a\u4e2d\uff0cRob Pike \u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4 Go \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u8c37\u6b4c\u53d6\u4ee3 C \u548c <strong>C++<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u662f Newsqueak\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u5728 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u3002Go \u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u4e8e Plan9 \u7684\u53c2\u8003\uff0cPlan9 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece Plan9 \u83b7\u5f97\u7075\u611f\u7684 Go \u6c47\u7f16\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 LLVM \u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u76ee\u6807\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4e14\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784?\u6211\u6b64\u5904\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u9057\u6f0f\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u6c47\u7f16?\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528 CPU\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u6807 CPU \u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u5417?<\/p>\n<p>Go \u7684\u521b\u9020\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u5f97\u5230\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u770b\u8d77\u6765 Go \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5e73\u884c\u5b87\u5b99\uff08\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684 Plan9 lab?\uff09\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u548c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5728 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\u548c 2000 \u5e74\u4e2d\u4ece\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd Go \u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u5199\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u5417\uff1f\u4e0d\u8981\u63d0\u5b83\u3002\u6cdb\u578b\uff1f\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528 C++ \u7f16\u5199\u7684\u70c2\u644a\u5b50!\u5c3d\u7ba1 slice \u3001map \u548c channel \u90fd\u662f\u6cdb\u578b\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u770b\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Go \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u66ff\u6362 C \u548c C++\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u5b83\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8005\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8c37\u6b4c\u7684 C \u548c C++ \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u6211\u7684\u731c\u6d4b\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u3002\u4f4e\u7ea7\u522b C \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5f3a\u70c8\u62d2\u7edd\u6258\u7ba1\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u548c\u7f13\u51b2\u6ea2\u51fa\u7684\u5927\u95e8\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0cRust \u5728\u6ca1\u6709 GC \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Go \u53cd\u800c\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5438\u5f15\u4e86 Python \u548c Ruby \u7b49\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11 \u5185\u5b58 \/cpu\/\u78c1\u76d8 \u5360\u7528\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u3002Go \u7684\u6740\u624b\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u662f Docker\uff0c\u5b83\u5728 devops \u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002Kubernetes \u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Go \u63a5\u53e3<\/strong> \u5c31\u50cf Java \u63a5\u53e3\u6216 Scala \u548c Rust \u7279\u6027\uff08 traits \uff09:\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u7531\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u6211\u4e0d\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u7c7b\u201d\uff09\u3002\u4e0e Java \u63a5\u53e3\u548c Scala \u548c Rust \u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u6307\u5b9a\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0:\u5b83\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a5\u53e3\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6240\u4ee5 Go \u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5141\u8bb8\u5176\u4ed6\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u9002\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 Scala \u6216 Kotlin \u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u6216 Rust \u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u6b64:\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5305\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6ca1\u6709\u679a\u4e3e<\/h4>\n<p>Go \u6ca1\u6709\u679a\u4e3e\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u5931\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<strong>iota<\/strong> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u52a8\u9012\u589e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u5de7 \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684 iota \u751f\u6210\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u884c\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u4e0b\u5217\u503c\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6709\u8da3\u7684\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f!\uff09\u610f\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u8ba9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5f7b\u5e95\u68c0\u67e5 <strong>switch<\/strong> \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6ca1\u6709\u6cdb\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u79cd\u6ca1\u6709\u6cdb\u578b\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u5316\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684:\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u6cdb\u578b&#8230;\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u6cdb\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u6bd4\u6ca1\u6709\u6cdb\u578b\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u7f6e\u7684 slice \u3001map \u3001<strong>array<\/strong> \u548c channel \u90fd\u662f\u6cdb\u578b\u3002\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a map[string]MyStruct \u6e05\u695a\u5730\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6cdb\u578b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168\u7f16\u7a0b\u6355\u83b7\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6cdb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u7c7b\u578b interface{}\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u88ab\u6293\u4f4f\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 panic \u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e Java \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u56de\u5230 \u56de\u9000 Java 5 \u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u5230 2004 \u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840<\/h2>\n<h3>\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n<h4>\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5e38\u91cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u666e\u901a\u8d4b\u503c:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/ var \u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u79f0 \u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b = \u503c var num int = 1 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5e73\u884c\u8d4b\u503c:<\/p>\n<pre><code>var num1,num2 int = 1, 2 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u591a\u884c\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>var (     num1 int = 1     num2 int = 2 ) <\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u547d\u540d\u548c\u5bbd\u5ea6<\/h4>\n<p>Go \u7684 <strong>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong> \u4e00\u5171\u6709 10 \u4e2a\u5176\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u67b6\u6784\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b int \u548c\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b uint \u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8ba1\u7b97\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6(\u5b58\u50a8\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4)\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f bit \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b57\u8282 byte \u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/05_Go\u8bed\u8a00\u5165\u95e8.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u6587\u641e\u5b9a Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8bed\u6cd5\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u67b6\u6784\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709 8 \u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u8eab\u5bbd\u5ea6\u7684\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/06_Go\u8bed\u8a00\u5165\u95e8.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u6587\u641e\u5b9a Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8bed\u6cd5\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u503c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07_Go\u8bed\u8a00\u5165\u95e8.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u6587\u641e\u5b9a Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8bed\u6cd5\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4ee5 8 \u8fdb\u5236\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf num \u8d4b\u503c:<\/p>\n<pre><code>num = 039 \/\/ \u7528\"0\"\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u7f00\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u662f 8 \u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u6cd5 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4ee5 16 \u8fdb\u5236\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf num \u8d4b\u503c:<\/p>\n<pre><code>num = 0x39 <\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u6d6e\u70b9\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570<\/strong> \u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1afloat32\/float64 \u3002\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u4e00\u822c\u7531\u6574\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u3001\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9 &#8220;.&#8221; \u548c\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u6307\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6307\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u7531 &#8220;E&#8221; \u6216 &#8220;e&#8221; \u4ee5\u53ca\u5e26\u6b63\u8d1f\u53f7\u7684 10 \u8fdb\u5236\u6574\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u590d\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>\u590d\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a:complex64 \u548c complex128 \u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0ccomplex64 \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a float32 \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u590d\u6570\u7684\u5b9e\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u865a\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u800c complex128 \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a float64 \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u8868\u793a\u590d\u6570\u7684\u5b9e\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u865a\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>byte \u4e0e rune<\/h4>\n<p><strong>byte<\/strong> \u4e0e rune \u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b\u3002byte \u662f uint8 \u7684\u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c rune \u662f int32 \u7684\u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a rune \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u503c\u5373\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a Unicode \u4ee3\u7801\u70b9\u901a\u5e38\u7531 &#8220;U+&#8221; \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u7684\u6574\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/strong> \u7684\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u539f\u751f\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u578b\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u3002\u539f\u751f\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c\u9700\u7528\u7528\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7 &#8220;`&#8221; \u628a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217\u5305\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u89e3\u91ca\u578b\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7 &#8220;&#8221;&#8221; \u5305\u88f9\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>var str1 string = \u201cstr\u201d var str1 string = `str` <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u6240\u89c1\u5373\u6240\u5f97\u7684(\u9664\u4e86\u56de\u8f66\u7b26)\u3002\u540e\u8005\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u503c\u4e2d\u8f6c\u4e49\u7b26\u4f1a\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b64\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u5bf9\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u82e5\u5e72\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b:<\/p>\n<pre><code>type MyNumbers [3]int <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e\u8bed\u53e5\u7531\u5173\u952e\u5b57 type \u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u6761\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e\u8bed\u53e5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b [3]int \u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a MyNumbers \u5f53\u4f5c\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b [3]int \u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u5199\u5728\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u5305\u88f9\u8be5\u503c\u5305\u542b\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5(\u82f1\u6587\u534a\u89d2)\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u5373:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[3]int{1,2,3} <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u8d4b\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a numbers \u7684\u53d8\u91cf:<\/p>\n<pre><code>var numbers = [3]int{1,2,3} <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u4e2d\u7701\u7565\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>var numbers = [...]int{1,2,3} <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b:<\/p>\n<pre><code>numbers[0] numbers[1] numbers[2] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u7ec4\u503c\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>numbers[1] = 4 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6:<\/p>\n<pre><code>var length = len(numbers) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u6ca1\u6709\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a<\/p>\n<pre><code>[length]type{0,0,0\u2026} <\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>\u5207\u7247(slice)\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e00\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u82e5\u5e72\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5207\u7247\u503c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8868\u793a\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u5982:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[]int <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\u662f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[]string <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837:<\/p>\n<pre><code>type MySlice []int <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5207\u7247\u503c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4e5f\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u503c\u76f8\u4f3c<\/p>\n<pre><code>[]int{1,2,3} <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u7ec4\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5207\u7247\u503c\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u5207\u7247\u201d\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u5207\u7247\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b:<\/p>\n<pre><code>var number3 = [5]int{1,2,3,4,5} var slice1 = numbers3[1:4] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5207\u7247\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f numbers3[1:4] \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a []int{2,3,4} \u5f88\u660e\u663e\u88ab\u5207\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5143\u7d20\u4e0a\u754c\u7d22\u5f15\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a slice1 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5207\u7247\u503c\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u6b63\u662f number3 \u7684\u503c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5207\u7247\u503c\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>var slice2 = slice1[1:3] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u957f\u5ea6\u5207\u7247\u503c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u7ec4\u503c\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027&#8211;\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u603b\u662f\u7b49\u4e8e\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u5207\u7247\u503c\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0e\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe:<\/p>\n<p>![](F:\u55e8\u5ba2\u6587\u6863\u00003_\u968f\u7b14golangpic\u00008_Go \u8bed\u8a00\u5165\u95e8.png)<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5207\u7247\u503c\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5373\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u5728\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u4e0e\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u503c\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 cap()\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5207\u7247\u3001\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf:<\/p>\n<pre><code>var capacity2 int = cap(slice2) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u578b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u96f6\u503c\u5373\u4e3a nil\uff0c\u5373\u7a7a\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5b83\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c nil \u3002\u5207\u7247\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u653e\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>numbers3[1:4:4] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u4e3a\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u754c\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5b83\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5207\u7247\u503c\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u66f4\u5c0f\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5207\u7247\u503c\u5bf9\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4e0a\u8282\u4e2d numbers3 \u548c slice \u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n<pre><code>var numbers3 = [5]int{1,2,3,4,5} var slice1 = numbers3[1:4] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf slice1 \u7684\u503c\u662f []int{2,3,4}\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5982\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u5ef6\u5c55\u4e0e\u5176\u5bb9\u91cf\u76f8\u540c:<\/p>\n<pre><code>slice1 = slice1[:cap(slice1)] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf slice1 \u7684\u503c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e86 []int{2,3,4,5}\uff0c\u4e14\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u548c\u5bb9\u91cf\u5747\u4e3a 4 \u3002\u73b0\u5728 number3 \u7684\u503c\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u5728 (1,5) \u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u88ab\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4e86 slice1 \u7684\u503c\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee5 number3 \u7684\u503c\u662f slice1 \u7684\u503c\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u7247\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5207\u7247\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f97\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u5de7\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u672c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u66b4\u9732\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5207\u7247\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15(\u5373\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650\u7d22\u5f15)\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>var slice1 = numbers3[1:4:4] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7 slice1 \u8bbf\u95ee\u5230 number3 \u7684\u503c\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5207\u7247\u503c\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u9762\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u5bb9\u91cf\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570 append \u3002append \u4f1a\u5bf9\u5207\u7247\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5c55\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5207\u7247\u503c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n<pre><code>slice1 = append(slice1, 6, 7) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cslice1 \u7684\u503c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e86 []int{2,3,4,6,7}\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6269\u5c55\u64cd\u4f5c\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u88ab\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5207\u7247\u503c\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u5207\u7247\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u5207\u7247\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f \u201c\u590d\u5236\u201d\u3002\u8be5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8c03\u7528 copy \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5207\u7247\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e(\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u76f8\u540c)\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f:\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u5236\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u5c0f\u590d\u5236\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u88ab\u590d\u5236\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u603b\u662f\u7b49\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u53c2\u503c\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002 \u4e0e append \u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\uff0ccopy \u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u5176\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>var slice4 = []int{0,0,0,0,0,0} copy(slice4, slice1) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u590d\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cslice4 \u4f1a\u53d8\u6210 []int{2,3,4,6,7,0,0}\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u5178(Map)\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n<pre><code>map[K]T <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c&#8221;K&#8221; \u4e3a\u952e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c &#8220;T&#8221; \u5219\u4ee3\u8868\u5143\u7d20(\u503c)\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a int\uff0c\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a string \u7684\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>map[int]string <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5373\u952e\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u5207\u7247\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u5178\u503c\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5207\u7247\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u7d27\u6328\u7740\u7531\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u5305\u88f9\u4e14\u6709\u82f1\u6587\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7531\u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u3002\u4ee5\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b map[int]string \u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u503c\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>map[int]string{1:\"a\",2:\"b\"m,3:\"c\"} <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u8d4b\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>mm := map[int]string{1:\"a\",2:\"b\",3:\"c\"} <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53d6\u51fa\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>b := mm[2] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8d4b\u503c:<\/p>\n<pre><code>mm[2] = b + \"2\" <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837 mm \u4e2d\u952e\u4e3a 2 \u7684\u503c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e86 &#8220;b2&#8243;\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5411\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9:<\/p>\n<pre><code>mm[4] = \"\" <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u503c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7a7a\u503c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5 mm[5] \u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a &#8220;&#8221;\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053 mm[5] \u5230\u5e95\u662f &#8220;&#8221; \u8fd8\u662f mm[5] \u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5 go \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5:<\/p>\n<pre><code>e, ok := mm[5] <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9488\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c42\u804c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6c42\u804c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f bool \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u660e\u5b57\u5178\u503c\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002 \u4ece\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570 delete\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>delete(mm, 4) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u65e0\u8bba mm \u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5 4 \u4e3a\u952e\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0cdelete \u90fd\u5220\u9664\u3002 \u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u96f6\u503c\u5373\u4e3a nil \u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u9053(Channel)\u662f Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c Goroutine \u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u51e0\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Goroutine \u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u627f\u8f7d\u53ef\u88ab\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7531 Go \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u6258\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ebf\u7a0b(\u53c8\u79f0\u5185\u6838\u7ebf\u7a0b)\u6765\u5e76\u53d1\u5730\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4ec5\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210:<\/p>\n<pre><code>chan T <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57 chan\uff0c\u800c\u53f3\u8fb9\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b\u5141\u8bb8\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b(\u6216\u79f0\u901a\u9053\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u6765\u4e3a\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570 make \u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u3002make \u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5c06\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u503c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u91cf(\u4f8b: chan int),\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5219\u662f\u503c\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982,\u82e5\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 5 \u4e14\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a int \u7684\u901a\u9053\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u5199:<\/p>\n<pre><code>make(chan int, 5) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>make \u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u3002\u6682\u5b58\u5728\u901a\u9053\u503c\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5176\u8d4b\u503c:<\/p>\n<pre><code>ch1 := make(chan string, 5) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53d7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26 &lt;- \u5411\u901a\u9053\u503c\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4ece\u901a\u9053\u503c\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5411\u901a\u9053 ch1 \u53d1\u9001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 &#8220;value1&#8243;\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>ch1 &lt;- \u201cvalue1\" <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece ch1 \u90a3\u91cc\u63a5\u6536\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u8fd9\u6837:<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;- ch1 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8d4b\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982:<\/p>\n<pre><code>value := &lt;- ch1 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0e\u9488\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u503c\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u901a\u9053\u503c\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u503c:<\/p>\n<pre><code>value, ok := &lt;- ch1 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 ok \u7684\u503c\u662f bool \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u901a\u9053\u503c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0ctrue \u4ee3\u8868\u901a\u9053\u503c\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u800c false \u5219\u4ee3\u8868\u901a\u9053\u503c\u5df2\u65e0\u6548(\u6216\u79f0\u5df2\u5173\u95ed)\uff0c\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u6216\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u901a\u9053\u503c\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\uff0c\u5219\u63a5\u6536\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u7ed3\u675f\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8be5\u901a\u9053\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u96f6\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570 close \u6765\u5173\u95ed\u901a\u9053:<\/p>\n<pre><code>close(ch1) <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u901a\u9053\u503c\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5173\u95ed\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u5728\u901a\u9053\u503c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u5728\u901a\u9053\u503c\u5df2\u6ee1(\u5176\u4e2d\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u5df2\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u957f\u5ea6)\u65f6\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u3002\u800c\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u901a\u9053\u503c\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u6709\u6548\u901a\u9053\u503c\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u5728\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u3002\u901a\u9053\u7c7b\u578b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u96f6\u503c\u4e3a nil \u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n<h4>\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3a <strong>if<\/strong>\u3001 <strong>else<\/strong> \u548c <strong>else if<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>if a := 1; a &gt;= 1 {     fmt.Println(\"OK\") } <\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u9009\u62e9\u8bed\u53e5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3a <strong>switch<\/strong>\u3001case \u548c select\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>switch i {  case 0:  fmt.Printf(\"0\")  case 1:  fmt.Printf(\"1\")  case 2:  fallthrough  case 3:  fmt.Printf(\"3\")  case 4, 5, 6:  fmt.Printf(\"4, 5, 6\")  default:  fmt.Printf(\"Default\") } <\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3a <strong>for<\/strong> \u548c <strong>range<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sum := 0 for i := 0; i &lt; 10; i++ {  sum += i } <\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u8df3\u8f6c\u8bed\u53e5<\/h4>\n<pre><code>func myfunc() {  i := 0  HERE:  fmt.Println(i)  i++  if i &lt; 10 {  goto HERE  } } <\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<h4>\u6982\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0cfunc \uff0b\u51fd\u6570\u540d\uff0b \u53c2\u6570 \uff0b \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09 \uff0b \u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u3002\u4f8b :<\/p>\n<pre><code>func main \uff08\uff09 {  fmt.Println(\"Hello go\") } <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728 golang \u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684 <strong>\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>main<\/strong> \u51fd\u6570\u548c <strong>init<\/strong> \u51fd\u6570\uff0cmain \u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u7528\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5165\u53e3\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002init \u51fd\u6570\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a package \u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u6709\u53ef\u65e0\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a(\u4f46\u662f\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4e00\u4e2a package \u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a init \u51fd\u6570)\uff0cinit \u51fd\u6570\u5728\u4f60\u5bfc\u5165\u8be5 package \u65f6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528 init \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 init \u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528,\u53e6\u5916\u5b83\u53ea\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a package \u88ab\u591a\u6b21\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u4f1a\u88ab\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u5f97\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u5b9e\u53c2\u7684\u503c\u590d\u5236\u7ed9\u53d8\u53c2\uff0c\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u53d8\u53c2\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u6765\u5b9e\u53c2\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u65f6\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u770b\u5457\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u5b9e\u53c2\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u590d\u5236\u7ed9\u53d8\u53c2\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5bf9\u53d8\u53c2\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4e5f\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5b9e\u53c2\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0cgo \u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u5373\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u590d\u5236\u3002\u5728\u5f62\u53c2\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u6765\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>slice, map, chan<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 slice, map, chan \u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u590d\u5236\u7ed9\u53c2\u6570 slice, map, chan \u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9 slice, map, chan \u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u5b57<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h4>\n<p>go \u8bed\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a go \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5f53\u9500\u6bc1\u6808\u4e0a\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4e14\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u88ab\u5916\u90e8\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6808\u4e0a\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u5806\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u95ed\u5305<\/h4>\n<p>\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cgolang \u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u95ed\u5305\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>package main  import \"fmt\"  func adder() func(int) int {      sum := 0      return func(x int) int {           sum += x           return sum      } }  func main() {      pos, neg := adder(), adder()      for i := 0; i &lt; 10; i++ {           fmt.Println(                pos(i),                neg(-2*i),           )      } } <\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5c06 Go \u8bed\u8a00\u79f0\u4e3a 21 \u4e16\u7eaa\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a Go \u4e0d\u4ec5\u62e5\u6709 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 21 \u4e16\u7eaa\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u7528\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u7ea7\u522b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5f97\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<strong>\u55e8\u5ba2\u7f51<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u4e0b\u65b9\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4563.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/20201110_5faac69be8428.png\" alt=\"\u4e00\u6587\u641e\u5b9a Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8bed\u6cd5\" \/><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div> <b>\u5927\u4f6c\u6709\u8a71\u8aaa<\/b> (<span>0<\/span>)        <\/div>\n<div> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u6587\u641e\u5b9a Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8bed\u6cd5 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