{"id":131885,"date":"2020-07-06T03:52:36","date_gmt":"2020-07-05T19:52:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/4563.org\/?p=131885"},"modified":"2020-07-06T03:52:36","modified_gmt":"2020-07-05T19:52:36","slug":"python-%e6%89%a9%e5%b1%95%e4%b9%8b-pymongo%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e5%92%8c%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/4563.org\/?p=131885","title":{"rendered":"python \u6269\u5c55\u4e4b PyMongo\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

PyMongo\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8eMongoDB\u7684Python\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u63a8\u8350\u7684Python\u64cd\u4f5cMongoDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002
\u672c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u6863\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528PyMongo\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e
\u4f7f\u7528PyMongo\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e
\u4f7f\u7528PyMongo\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e
\u4f7f\u7528PyMongo\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e
\u4f7f\u7528PyMongo\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408
\u4f7f\u7528PyMongo\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5https:\/\/docs.mongodb.com\/getting-started\/python\/introduction\/<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>\u5b89\u88c5PyMongo<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
pip install pymongo<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
<\/a>\u5f15\u5165pymongo<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u4ea4\u4e92shell\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4ed6Python\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Python\u811a\u672c\u3001Python\u6a21\u5757\u3001Python\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ecepymongo\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165MongoClicent\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
from pymongo import MongoClient<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
<\/a>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5<\/h3>\n
\u4f7f\u7528MongoClient\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
client = MongoClient()<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u4e3aMongoClient\u6307\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\uff0cMongoClient\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528MongoDB\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u5373localhost\u63a5\u53e3\u548c27017\u7aef\u53e3\u3002
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684MongoDB URI\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
client = MongoClient("mongodb://mongodb0.example.net:27019")<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2aMongoClient\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8emongodb.example.net\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a27019\u7684MongoDB\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f60\u7528pymongo\u6765\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u662fDatabase\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86MongoDB\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93(database)\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u7ec4\u3002MongoDB\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8d4b\u503c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u540d\u5b57\u4e3aprimer\uff09\u7ed9\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cfdb\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
db = client.primer<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u79fb\u9664Python\u7279\u6709\u7684\u547d\u540d\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
db = client['primer']<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
<\/a>\u8bbf\u95ee\u96c6\u5408\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f60\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528pymongo\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u662fCollection\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86MongoDB\u4e2d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff08collection\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u96c6\u5408\uff08collection\uff09\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7ec4\u3002
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u96c6\u5408\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
db.dataset<\/span>
db['dataset']<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
coll = db.dataset<\/span>
coll = db['dataset']<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
<\/a>\u4f7f\u7528PyMongo\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n
<\/a>\u6982\u89c8<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528insert_one()\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cinsert_many()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5411MongoDB\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6240\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0cMongoDB\u5c06\u4e3a\u4f60\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u5148\u51b3\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
\u5728Python\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u8005IDLE\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528MongoClient\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684MongoDB\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00test\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
3<\/span>
4<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
from pymongo import MongoClient<\/span>
<\/span>
client = MongoClient()<\/span>
db = client.test<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
<\/a>\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863<\/h3>\n
\u5411\u96c6\u5408restaurants\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u3002\u5982\u679c\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
3<\/span>
4<\/span>
5<\/span>
6<\/span>
7<\/span>
8<\/span>
9<\/span>
10<\/span>
11<\/span>
12<\/span>
13<\/span>
14<\/span>
15<\/span>
16<\/span>
17<\/span>
18<\/span>
19<\/span>
20<\/span>
21<\/span>
22<\/span>
23<\/span>
24<\/span>
25<\/span>
26<\/span>
27<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
from datetime import datetime<\/span>
result = db.restaurants.insert_one(<\/span>
    {<\/span>
        "address": {<\/span>
            "street": "2 Avenue",<\/span>
            "zipcode": "10075",<\/span>
            "building": "1480",<\/span>
            "coord": [-73.9557413, 40.7720266]<\/span>
        },<\/span>
        "borough": "Manhattan",<\/span>
        "cuisine": "Italian",<\/span>
        "grades": [<\/span>
            {<\/span>
                "date": datetime.strptime("2014-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d"),<\/span>
                "grade": "A",<\/span>
                "score": 11<\/span>
            },<\/span>
            {<\/span>
                "date": datetime.strptime("2014-01-16", "%Y-%m-%d"),<\/span>
                "grade": "B",<\/span>
                "score": 17<\/span>
            }<\/span>
        ],<\/span>
        "name": "Vella",<\/span>
        "restaurant_id": "41704620"<\/span>
    }<\/span>
)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aInsertOneResult\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u4e86insert_id\u5c5e\u6027\u8868\u793a\u88ab\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7684_id\u3002\u8bbf\u95eeinsert_id\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
result.inserted_id<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u4f60\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7684ObjectId\u5c06\u548c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
ObjectId("54c1478ec2341ddf130f62b7")<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9insert_one()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u5305\u542b_id\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0cMongoClient\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5e76\u4e14\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2aObjectId\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u4f7f\u7528PyMongo\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n
<\/a>\u6982\u89c8<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7find()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u4eceMongoDB\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u6570\u636e\u3002MongoDB\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u5728\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u7b26\u5408\u7b5b\u9009\u6761\u4ef6\uff08filter\uff09\u6216\u8005\u6807\u51c6\uff08criteria\uff09\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u6216\u8005\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9find()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
find()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6e38\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea7\u751f\u6587\u6863\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u5148\u51b3\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528test\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684restaurants\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u586b\u5145\u96c6\u5408\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8bf7\u89c1Import Example Dataset\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u8005IDLE\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528MongoClient\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684MongoDB\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00test\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
3<\/span>
4<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
from pymongo import MongoClient<\/span>
<\/span>
client = MongoClient()<\/span>
db = client.test<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
<\/a>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u6587\u6863<\/h3>\n
\u8c03\u7528find()\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u503c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5373\u662f\u8fd4\u56derestaurants\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
cursor = db.restaurants.find()<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
for document in cursor:<\/span>
    print(document)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6240\u6709restaurants\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u76f8\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
{ <field1>: <value1>, <field2>: <value2>, ... }<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\uff09\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08dot notation\uff09\u53bb\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u7ea7\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n
\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2borough\u5b57\u6bb5\u7b49\u4e8eManhattan\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
cursor = db.restaurants.find({"borough": "Manhattan"})<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
for document in cursor:<\/span>
    print(document)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n
\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u5d4c\u5165\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u5c06\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u5305\u88f9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u90ae\u7f16\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
cursor = db.restaurants.find({"address.zipcode": "10075"})<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
for document in cursor:<\/span>
    print(document)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u6587\u6863\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605Embedded Documents\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n
grades\u6570\u7ec4\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u6587\u6863\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u70b9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u5c06\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u5305\u88f9\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u6587\u6863\u7684grades\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684grade\u7b49\u4e8eB\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
cursor = db.restaurants.find({"grades.grade": "B"})<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
for document in cursor:<\/span>
    print(document)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605Array\u53ca$elemMatch\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
MongoDB\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u6307\u5b9a\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982$or\u548c$and\u6761\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
{ <field1>: { <operator1>: <value1> } }<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5217\u8868\u8bf7\u67e5\u9605query opeartors(http:\/\/docs.mongodb.org\/manual\/reference\/operator\/query)\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n
<\/a>\u5927\u4e8e\uff08$gt\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h4>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u6bb5grades\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dscore\u5927\u4e8e30\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
cursor = db.restaurants.find({"grades.score": {"$gt": 30}})<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
for document in cursor:<\/span>
    print(document)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u5c0f\u4e8e\uff08$lt\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h4>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u6bb5grades\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dscore\u5c0f\u4e8e10\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
cursor = db.restaurants.find({"grades.score": {"$lt": 10}})<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
for document in cursor:<\/span>
    print(document)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u7ec4\u5408\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\uff08AND\uff09\u6216\u8005\u903b\u8f91\u6216\uff08OR\uff09\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
cursor = db.restaurants.find({"cuisine": "Italian", "address.zipcode": "10075"})<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
for document in cursor:<\/span>
    print(document)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u903b\u8f91\u6216<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528$or\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
cursor = db.restaurants.find(<\/span>
    {"$or": [{"cuisine": "Italian"}, {"address.zipcode": "10075"}]})<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u8fed\u4ee3\u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n\n
\n
1<\/span>
2<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n
\n
for document in cursor:<\/span>
    print(document)<\/span>
<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/a>\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n
\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8ffd\u52a0sort()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u7ed9sort()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f20\u9012\u9700\u8981\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u914d\u9700\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n