{"id":116241,"date":"2020-06-10T23:45:45","date_gmt":"2020-06-10T15:45:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/4563.org\/?p=116241"},"modified":"2020-06-10T23:45:45","modified_gmt":"2020-06-10T15:45:45","slug":"%e9%98%bf%e9%87%8cdns%e5%87%badoh-dot%e4%ba%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/4563.org\/?p=116241","title":{"rendered":"\u963f\u91ccDNS\u51faDoH\/DoT\u4e86"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\t\t\t\t\tmoowee<\/strong> \t\t\t\t\u5927\u4f6c\u6709\u8bdd\u8bf4 : \t<\/p>\n

\u963f\u91ccDNS\u51faDoH\/DoT\u4e86<\/h3>\n

\t\t\u963f\u91cc\u516c\u5171DNS\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u670d\u52a1
\u6982\u8ff0
\u963f\u91cc\u516c\u5171DNS\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4e3a\u5e7f\u5927\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5e94\u7b54\u91c7\u7528UDP\u548cTCP\u660e\u6587\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u542c\u3001DNS\u52ab\u6301\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u8bbe\u5907\u5e72\u6270\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u542c\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u5373\u4fbf\u7528\u6237\u91c7\u7528HTTPs\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0cDNS\u67e5\u8be2\u5e94\u7b54\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93
\u2022 DNS\u52ab\u6301\uff1a\u4f20\u7edfDNS\u5e94\u7b54\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f1a\u88ab\u8def\u7531\u5230\u9493\u9c7c\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u6076\u610f\u7ad9\u70b9
\u2022 \u4e2d\u95f4\u8bbe\u5907\u5e72\u6270\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5bf9DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u57df\u540d\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5927\u5305MTU\u5206\u7247\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7b49
\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u963f\u91cc\u516c\u5171DNS\u9075\u5b88DoH\uff08RFC8484\uff09\u548cDoT(RFC7858) \u6807\u51c6\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9bDNS\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u670d\u52a1, \u652f\u6301 DNS over HTTP(s), DNS Json API, \u548cDNS over TLS\u4e09\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002DNS\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u8f93\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u9001DNS\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u9690\u79c1\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u9690\u79c1\u52a0\u5bc6\u4ee5\u5916\uff0cDNS\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u670d\u52a1\u91c7\u7528TCP\u548cHTTP\u8fde\u63a5\u7528\u6237\u7aef\u548cDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6d41\u91cf\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u57fa\u4e8eDNS\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7279\u6027\uff0cDNS\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u79d2\u7ea7\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728DoH\u548cDoT\u4f20\u8f93\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u963f\u91cc\u516c\u5171DNS\u652f\u6301 TLS 1.2 \u548cTLS 1.3.<\/p>\n

1. DNS over HTTPs(DoH)
\u963f\u91cc\u516c\u5171DNS\u901a\u8fc7RFC 8484\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ecf\u8fc7TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684HTTP\u8fde\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9bDNS\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n

DNS over HTTPs\uff08DoH\uff09\u7684URI\u63a5\u53e3 \uff1a\uff08\u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9bTLS API\uff09
\u2022 https:\/\/dns.alidns.com\/dns-query?
\u2022 https:\/\/alidns_ip\/dns-query?
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5176\u4e2dalidns_ip\u662fdns.alidns.com \u7684A\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u4e00 \uff1a223.5.5.5\uff0c223.6.6.6.<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a GET<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570 \uff1a<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570        \u7c7b\u578b        \u63cf\u8ff0        \u793a\u4f8b        \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c
dns        string        base64url\u7f16\u7801\u7684DNS\u8bf7\u6c42\u5185\u5bb9        \u5982\u679cdig alibaba.com\u7684A\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a
dns=uGkBAAABAAAAAAAAB2FsaWJhYmEDY29tAAABAAE        \u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b
\u8bf7\u6c42\u793a\u4f8b: https:\/\/dns.alidns.com\/dns-query?dns=uGkBAAABAAAAAAAAB2FsaWJhYmEDY29tAAABAAE<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u7684DNS\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e \uff1a<\/p>\n

b869 8180 0001 0004 0000 0001 0761 6c69
6261 6261 0363 6f6d 0000 0100 0107 616c
6962 6162 6103 636f 6d00 0001 0001 0000
012c 0004 6a0b d097 0761 6c69 6261 6261
0363 6f6d 0000 0100 0100 0001 2c00 04cb
77d7 5207 616c 6962 6162 6103 636f 6d00
0001 0001 0000 012c 0004 6a0b df65 0761
6c69 6261 6261 0363 6f6d 0000 0100 0100
0001 2c00 04cb 7781 6d00 0029 1000 0000
0000 000c 0008 0008 0001 2018 6a0b 22e6
\u6ce8\uff1a\u6839\u636eRFC8484\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0cDoH\u670d\u52a1\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e24\u7c7b\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662fDNS HTTPS\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u8bbf\u95eeDNS\u6570\u636e\u3002DNS wireformat\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u591f\u53cb\u597d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8981\u5904\u7406DNS\u540d\u5b57\u538b\u7f29\u673a\u5236\u7b49\u3002DNS Json\u7684API\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u63a5\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

2. DNS JSON API
DNS JSON API\u7684URL \u63a5\u53e3 \uff08\u63d0\u4f9bTLS\u548c\u975eTLS API\uff09<\/p>\n

https:\/\/dns.alidns.com\/resolve?
https:\/\/alidns_ip\/resolve?
http:\/\/dns.alidns.com\/resolve?
http:\/\/alidns_ip\/resolve?
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5176\u4e2dalidns_ip\u662fdns.alidns.com \u7684A\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u4e00 \uff1a223.5.5.5\uff0c223.6.6.6.<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a GET<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570 \uff1a<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570        \u7c7b\u578b        \u63cf\u8ff0        \u793a\u4f8b        \u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c
name        string        \u8bf7\u6c42\u57df\u540d        name=www.taobao.com.        \u5fc5\u9009\uff0c\u65e0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c
type        number        \u8bf7\u6c42\u7c7b\u578b        type=1        \u53ef\u9009\uff0c1
edns_client_subnet        IP        ECS IP        edns_client_subnet=1.2.3.4\/24        DNS\u4ee3\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u9002\u7528
\u5173\u4e8eedns_client_subnet\u53c2\u6570 \uff1a
edns_client_subnet\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u6301DNS ECS\u529f\u80fd\uff08RFC7871\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u6743\u5a01DNS\uff0c\u505a\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6d41\u91cf\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u63a9\u7801\u8d8a\u957f\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f\u8d8a\u7cbe\u786e\uff0c\u63a9\u7801\u8d8a\u77ed\u7528\u6237\u9690\u79c1\u6548\u679c\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528"\/24" \u63a9\u7801\u957f\u5ea6<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u7279\u5730\u4e3aDNS\u4ee3\u7406\uff08proxy\uff09\u4f7f\u7528DNS JSON API\u573a\u666f\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5373\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u9001DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed9DNS\u4ee3\u7406\uff0cDNS\u4ee3\u7406\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u643a\u5e26\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u963f\u91cc\u516c\u5171DNS\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u6743\u5a01DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982edns_client_subnet=1.2.3.4\/24\uff0c\u6743\u5a01\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u57fa\u4e8e1.2.3.0\/24\u5730\u5740\u524d\u7f00\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62e9DNS\u94fe\u8def<\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8etype\u53c2\u6570\u652f\u6301\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a
\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b        ID        \u610f\u4e49        \u793a\u4f8b\uff08\u4ee5 taobao.com , www.taobao.com \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09
A        1        IPv4 \u5730\u5740        101.37.183.171
NS        2        NS \u8bb0\u5f55        ns1.taobao.com.
CNAME        5        \u57df\u540d CNAME \u8bb0\u5f55        www.taobao.com.danuoyi.tbcache.com.
SOA        6        ZONE \u7684 SOA \u8bb0\u5f55        ns4.taobao.com. hostmaster.alibabadns.com. 2018011109 3600 1200 3600 360
TXT        16        TXT \u8bb0\u5f55        "v=spf1 include:spf1.staff.mail.aliyun.com -all"
AAAA        28        IPv6 \u5730\u5740        240e:e1:f300:1:3::3fa
\u8bf7\u6c42\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

http:\/\/dns.alidns.com\/resolve?name=www.taobao.com.&type=1<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

{
    "Status": 0,
    "TC": false,
    "RD": true,
    "RA": true,
    "AD": false,
    "CD": false,
    "Question": {       \/\/ \u8bf7\u6c42\u6bb5
      "name": "www.taobao.com.",
      "type": 1
    },
    "Answer": [         \/\/ \u5e94\u7b54\u6bb5
      {
            "name": "www.taobao.com.",
            "TTL": 45,
            "type": 5,
            "data": "www.taobao.com.danuoyi.tbcache.com."
      },
      {
            "name": "www.taobao.com.danuoyi.tbcache.com.",
            "TTL": 45,
            "type": 1,
            "data": "47.246.24.234"
      },
      {
            "name": "www.taobao.com.danuoyi.tbcache.com.",
            "TTL": 45,
            "type": 1,
            "data": "47.246.24.233"
      }
    ]
    \/\/"Authority" \u6743\u5a01\u6bb5, \u5982\u679c\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4e0eAnswer\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u81f4
    \/\/"Additional" \u9644\u52a0\u6bb5, \u5982\u679c\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4e0eAnswer\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u81f4
    \/\/ \u53ef\u9009 "edns_client_subnet":"1.2.3.4\/24"
}
\u6ce8\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u6216APP\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528DoH\u548cDNS JSON API\u89e3\u6790DNS \u3002<\/p>\n

3. DNS over TLS \uff08DoT\uff09
\u963f\u91cc\u516c\u5171DNS\u901a\u8fc7RFC 7858\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ecf\u8fc7TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9bDNS\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u63a5\u5165\uff1a\u57df\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\u548cIP\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. \u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f6eDoT\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668dns.alidns.com \u6216alidns_ip
2. \u5982\u679c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u662falidns.com\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5148\u89e3\u6790alidns.com\u83b7\u5f97\u5730\u5740alidns_ip
3. \u83b7\u5f97DoT\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u518d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0eDoT\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u7aef\u53e3853 \u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5
4. \u7ecf\u8fc7TLS\u63e1\u624b\u534f\u5546\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0eDoT\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acbTLS\u8fde\u63a5
5. \u901a\u8fc7\u8be5TLS\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u8fdc\u7aefDoT\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668
\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5353\u624b\u673a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u624b\u673a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u754c\u9762\u8bbe\u7f6e\u963f\u91cc\u516c\u5171DNS\u7684\u57df\u540d\u548c\u5730\u5740\u6765\u83b7\u53d6DNS\u7684DoT\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\txuxu<\/strong> \t\t\t\t\u5927\u4f6c\u6709\u8bdd\u8bf4 : \t<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\t\t\u597d\u5bb6\u4f19\uff0c\u6123\u662f\u5565\u90fd\u6ca1\u61c2\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\tmoowee<\/strong> \t\t\t\t\u5927\u4f6c\u6709\u8bdd\u8bf4 : \t<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\t\thttps:\/\/www.alidns.com\/faqs\/?spm=a2chw.13814944.0.0.783a1760tYHc8K#dns-safe\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\tlucky-dog<\/strong> \t\t\t\t\u5927\u4f6c\u6709\u8bdd\u8bf4 : \t<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\t\tdoh\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f46\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u901f\u5ea6\uff0ctcp\u63e1\u624b\uff0cudp\u4e0d\u63e1\u624b\u66f4\u5feb\t\t\t <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

moowee \u5927\u4f6c\u6709\u8bdd\u8bf4 : \u963f\u91cc…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116241"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=116241"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116241\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=116241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=116241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/4563.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=116241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}